Cooling apparatus for internal-combustion engines



Feb. 4, 1930. P. J. JORGENSEN ETAL 1,745,622

COOLING APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Feb. 2'7, 1926 l 1/ I 6 f7fzve7z073 A f er 07." 6725672 M w (whence/24707" erzp'era Patented Feb. 4. 1930 1 UNITED STATES PATENT, oFFicE 2mm J. aononnsnn AND CLARENCE n. .ronennsmq, or onreaeo rumors COOLING APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES Application filed February 24, 1920. Serial m. 81,076.-

This invention relates to a cooling system for internal combust on engines and has for its object to provide a new and improved de-' vice of this description;

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a. cooling system for internal combustion engines which will permit the engine to heat up quickly when started and which will further permit the engine to be efi'ectively cooled afterv it has thus become heated so as to keep the temperature within proper bounds.

The invention has a further object to rovide a cooling system for internal com us tion engines wherein the flow of the li uid 4 through the cooling system is retarde or prevented when the engine is cold and is established after the engine becomes heated.

The invention has as a further object to provide a cooling system for internal combustion engines wherein the system is provided with a valve member which obstructs the circulation of the cooling liquid when the engine is cool, which is provided with a ther- -mostatic controlling device acting when the temperature reaches a predetermined point, to re-establish the circulation.

The invention has as a further object to provide means for delaying the movement of the valve member in response to the thermo static action.

The invention has further objects which are more particularly pointed out in the accompanying description.

Referring now to the accompanying drawings: r

Figure 1 is a view showing one form of a heating system embodying the invention.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view through the cooling device forming a part of the system.

Figure 3' is a sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4; is a sectional view through the valve member showing "a modified construction. v

Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 4 showing a further modified construction.

' Like numerals refer to,like parts through- 5 out the several figures.

Referring now to the drawings we have illustrated the system in connection with an automobile engine. In this construction there is a connection 1 leading from the water jacket 2 of the cylinders of the engine to the ,top of the radiator 3 and a connection 4 from the bottom of the radiator back to the water jacket 2. Some means is provided such as a pump or thermo-siphon circulating means for circulating the li uid through the system. For purposes of i1 ustration we have shown a pump 5 which circulates the water through the system when theengine is in operation. 2

In the pipe 1 we provide the controlling element 6. This controlling element consists of a casing 7 containing a valve member 8. This valve member is pivoted to the casing in any suitable manner. As herein shown the valve member is provided with the trunnions 9 and 10 which work in hearings in the casing. In the construction shown the casing is provided with openings through which the trunnions project. The end of the trunnion 9 is covere by the ca 11. The trunnion 10 is provided with a reduced portion 12 about which is coiled the spring 13. Attached to the casingis a rejecting part 14 which has a screw threa ed end 15 surrounding the spring 13. A'serew threaded cap 16 is placed on this screw threaded end so as to cover and so protect the trunnion and the spring.

A thermostat 17 "s connected with the valve member 8 so as to regulate and control its position. This thermostat is subjected to the temperature of the liquid inthe casing 7 and is connected with the valve member 8 by a connection which increases the movement of the thermostat. In the construction shown one end of the thermostat is connected by a fastening device 18 with the casing 7. The other end of the thermostat is connected by a link 19 witha member 20. The member 20 is pivotally connected at 21 to an adjustable part 22 whichhas a threaded openmg and which works .upon a threaded part or screw 23 rotatably mounted in the casing. Opposite the screw 23 is a cap 24 screw threaded into the casing, the cap being hollow andprojecting overthe end of the screw 23. A sleeve" 24 is located inside the cap 100 24 and acts as a bearing for one end of the screw 23. The cap 24 has a screw threaded opening into which fits the screw 25. The adjusting screw 23 is thus concealed and protected so that it will not be tampered with but is accessible for adjustment by simply removing the screw 25. By means of this adjustment the thermostat may be properly adjusted to the conditions desired so that the valve member 8 will open at the proper time. The member 20 is connected to a member 20 which is connected with the' valve member 8 so as to move it. In the construction shown the member 20 passes through a slot 20 in the valve member 8 and is connected with an enclosed part 20 which encloses the slot 20 so as to prevent liquid from passing therethrough.

Some means is provided for preventing the valve member 8 from opening until the temperature has reached a predetermined point so as to give the thermostat a predetermined pull. In the construction illustrated this result is secured as follows: When the valve member 8 is closed there is a small opening or crack 26 at the bottom. When the pump 5 is started up there is a pressure produced,

on the face 27 of the valve member and there is a small flow of liquid through the opening or crack '26. This producesa flow pressure at the-bottom of the valve member which is sufficient to keep the valve member from being opened by the thermostat until the temperature of the liquid has reached a point to give the thermostat the desired pull, whereupon the thermostat moves the valve member, partially opening it. The flow pressure at the lower edge of the valve member which tendedto keep the valve member closed is now transferred to the other edge of the valve member; that is, the edge on the other side of the pivot due to the fact that the liquid under the pressure of the pump can now flow along the face 27 of the valve memher and past the upper edge thereof. This flow pressure therefore tends to assist the thermostat in opening the valve member. It will therefore be seen that by this means the valve member is held against the action of the thermostat until the liquid on the side 27 of the valve member; that is, the liquid in the water jacket of the engine, reaches the desired temperature and then the valve member is opened by the thermostat and the flow pressure of the liquid.

' e prefer to arrange thevalve member 8 so that it will be unbalanced, preferably only a small amount by providing a larger surface areaon one side of the pivot than on the other. We have shown two ways of doing this. In Figure 4 the valve member 8 is pivoted at the center ofthe casing 7 but the valve member 8 is, as it were, pushed up so that the portion thereof above the center of theaxis of rotation; that is, above the line 8*, is longer than the portion below said line so that the valvelnember is unbalanced. There is, however, a space, opening or crack 26 at the bottom through which a portion of the liquid may. flow so that the flow pressure produced thereby overcomes the unbalanced condition due to the static .pressure. In some instances it isdesired to have the unbalanced condition still greater and that may be done as illustrated in Figure 5 wherein the pivotal point; that is, the axis of rotation of the valve-member 8, is lowered so as not to be in the middle orcenter of the casing line 8 The valve member itself in this case is also. pushed upwardly so that the center of the valve member will be above the center of rotation of said valve member, being on the line 8. This gives a further unbalanced condition due to the static pressure. In this case there is also a space, opening or crack 26" at the bottom of the valve member through which some of the liquid can flow.

7, but "below the center, being on the In all of these constructions the parts are arranged so that the flow pressure due to the liquid flowing through the crack at the bottom of the valve member normally overcomes the static pressure due to the unbalanced condition of the valve member, thereby holding the valve member closed until the temperature reaches a point where the thermostat will act, and then the flow pressure acts in the opposite direction due to the unbalanced condition of the valve member and helps to open it, assisting the thermostat, and thereby causing the valve member to open quickly.

The drawings are merely illustrative and do not pretend to show the exact dimensions off the flow pressure, and to then open again 4 when the flow pressure is shut ofl, this movement alternating at a. comparatively rapid rate so as to prevent foreign particles from lodging between the valve member and the casing. When such foreign particles, such as rust or the like, get under the edge of the valve, a movement of this edge dislodges them and they are washed away by the water.

It is important to have some means for delaying the opening of the valve member due to the thermostatic action so that the proper temperature can-be secured before the opening'occurs and it is important to have the unbalanced condition of the valve member due to the fact that the movement and the power exerted by the thermostat is necessaril small and should be assisted by the li ui itself in opening the valve member. his is true even where the movement of the thermostat is multiplied by a multi plying device such as that shown herein.

. The im ortance of this will be seen from the following. When the engine is first started up, particularly in cold Weather, the pistons and'cylinders are cold and it is important to rapidly heat the cylinders and pistons in order to secure the proper operation of the engine. If the cooling liquid is permitted to circulate at once it takes considerable time to get the cylinders and pistons heated up. By

means of this device the valve member 8 being held closed revents circulation of the cooling liquid W en the engine is first started and this liquid being held in proximity to the cylinders and being only a portion of the entire liquid soon becomes heated thus insuring the rapid heating of the cylinders and pistons. When the liquid has become heated a sufficient amount it acts upon the thermostat and the valve member 8 is opened so that there will be a flow of the cooling liquid in the usual manner so as to prevent the cylinders and pistons from becoming too hot.

The pump 5 is operated from the engine shaft 5 in any desired manner. As herein shown the pump shaft 5 is provided with a sprocket wheel 5 which is connected by a chain 5 with a sprocket wheel 5 on the engine shaft.

We have described in detail a particular construction embodying the invention but it is, of course, evident thatthe parts may be varied in many particulars without departing from the spirit of the invention as embodied in the claims hereto appended, and we therefore do not limit ourselves to the particular construction shown. We claim 1. A cooling system for internal combustion engines comprising a circulatory system through which the liquid passes, means for circulating the liquid through said system, a

casing forming apart of said system, a valve member pivotally mounted in said casing at an oblique angle to the axis thereof, a thermostat responsive to variations in temperature connected with said valve member for controlling the position thereof, said valve member when in its closed position providing a small passageway at one side of the point where it is pivoted which permits the flow of the liquid past the valve member, the flow pressure of said liquid holding said valve member closed until a suflicient temperature is reached to, cause the thermostat to act to open the valve member.

2. A cooling system for internal combustion engines comprising a valve having a casing, means for circulating the cooling liquid through said casing, a. valve member pivotally mounted in said casing at an angle to the axis of said casing, a thermostat connected with said valve member so as to control its position responsive to the temperature of the liquid flowing through the casing, means for permitting a small flow of liquid past said valve member when it is in its closed position so that a flow pressure is exerted on one edge of the valve member, said flow pressure holding the valve member closed until a sufficient temperature is reached to cause the thermostat to open the valve member.

3. A cooling system for internal combustion engines comprising a valve having a casing, means for circulating the cooling liquid throughsaid casing, a valve member pivotally mounted in said casing and extend-, ing thereacross at an oblique angle to the axis of the casing, a thermostat responsive to the temperature of the liquid flowing through said casing, for controlling said valve member, and means for preventing the thermostat from acting until it exerts a predetermined opening pressure on said valve.

4. A cooling system for internal combustion engines comprising a valve having a casing, means for circulating the cooling liquid through said casing, a valve member pivotally mounted in said casing and extending thereacross at an oblique angle to the axis of the casing, a thermostat responsive to the temperature of the liquid flowing through said casing, for controlling said valve mem her, and means for preventing the thermostat from actinguntil it exerts a predetermined opening pressure on said valve, said means comprising the flow pressure of a predetermined amount of liquid flowing by the edge of the valve member.

5. A cooling system for internal combustion engines comprising a valve having a casing, means for circulating the cooling liquid through said casing, a valve lnember pivotally mounted in said casing, a thermostat connected with said valve member so as to control its position responsive to the temperature of the liquid flowing through the casing, means for utilizing the flow pressure of the liquid to keep the valve member closed until a sufficient temperature is reached to A cause the thermostat to overcome said flow pressure andmove the valve member from its closed position.

6. Av cooling system for internal combustion engines comprising a valve having a casing, means for circulating the cooling liquid through said casing, a valve member pivotally mounted in said casing, a thermostat connected with said .valve member so as to control its position responsive to the temperature of the liquid flowing through the casing, means for utilizing the flow pressure of the liquid at one edge of the valve member to resist the action of the thermostat in opening the valve member and means after the thermostat acts, for

1 transferring the flow edge of the valve mem er to assist the thermostat in opening the valve member.

ressure to the other 7. A cooling system for internal combustion engines comprising a valve having a casing'with a passageway therethrough, means v for circulating the cooling liquid through said casing, a valve member pivotally mounted in said casing and extending at an-oblique angle across said passageway, one edge of said valve when in its normal position, be-

ing out of contact with the casing for a por-' tion of its length so as to permit liquid to pass thereby and exerting a flow pressure on' the edge of said valve member and a thermostatic controlling device operatively connected with said member for controlling its position, said valve member being resilient so that the pressure of the liquid vibrates v the portion thereof not in contact with the casing so as to cause the opening between 'it and the casing to'be alternately decreased I and increased. 7

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 23rd day of February, 1926.

PETER J. J ORGENSEN. Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 23rd day of February, 1926.

CLARENCE H. JORGENSEN. 

